Dry kilns’ design has advanced further, There is a lack of evidence of the early practices for seasoning lumber, or of the invention of synthetic methods for seasoning in various parts of the world.
The utilization of hot air for drying wood has certainly been in use since time immemorial however, any understanding regarding the matter and the technology use is a relatively recent advancement. The subjecting of wood that was green to the smoke of an open flame, where the branches and slabs from the tree were burned to fuel the fire as well as a source of heat, was common practice in France 100 years in the past, with enclosed rooms or kilns to achieve this.
The approach is a very old one, as Beckman uses a passage from Hesiod:
” Because the homes of the past were smokey, it can be easy to comprehend the ways that by way of smoke they could dry out and make pieces of wood hard “
Virgil seems also to be aware of this way:
” From beech, the plow-tail, and the bent rope of softer linden, became hardened by the smoke “
Translation of Virgil written by Dryden.
Again:
“These long-suspended where the smoke of their strength is explored, and then turns into use and seals the pores ” Sotheby’s Virgil.
Smoke Seasoning
Smoke-based seasoning is very common in remote areas and is utilized extensively nowadays in small sawmill operations in the pine regions that are located in the southern United States. Loft drying timber and storage in warm rooms have been practiced for many years across the world and are widespread these days across Burma, China, Japan as well as elsewhere.
Drying Wood By Soaking It In Water Prior To Drying
Preliminary soaking in the wood before drying, a practice that has been used for a long time in Japan as well as in Sweden is thought to improve the properties of the wood, especially in relation to expansion and shrinkage.
Recent studies show that there is some benefit obtained from soaking for a long time to reduce shrinkage and hygroscopicity as well as decrease the amount of checking. Gabriel.
Janka at Mariabrun did some experiments a while back in which the logs made of spruce, fir Larch, white pine oak, red beech-maple, elm, and walnut were immersed for up to one and one-half and one-half years in salt and sweet water.
Different boards and discs were later removed and dried. The difference in shrinkage of the soaked and unsoaked material, though noticeable, however, was not significant. A slight increase in durability due to the process of soaking could also come through the leaching of sapwood (alburnum) or the gradual hydrolysis of sugars, starches, and other compounds that encourage the growth of fungi.
A hint of the progress of the present day in the field of seasoning can be found evident in patents of various nations:
England
It is believed that England One of England’s first inventions documented is J. S. Langton in 1825. It was the removal of sap using steaming, followed by a vacuum within the hot jacketed cylinder.
A stove that was used to dry wood by heating air was first invented by de Mecquencm, in 1837.
In 1844, Davidson and Symington patented an apparatus to dry wood using the forced flow of hot air.
Stoves to dry wood were first patented between 1848-1853.
The least amount of attention has been paid to the apparatus for drying wood in England up to very recently. A blower kiln constructed for the Sturtevant Blower Company, recently upgraded it has been in use in England for more than 35 years.
Likewise, a natural draught kiln that is progressive that was designed through Erith Engineering Corporation, has been operating in England for a considerable time. Apart from the previous two existing, there are in operation ventilated kilns designed by T. G. Wells (Sheffield) and the superheated steam kiln referred to under”Steam King ” Steam King ” process (London) along with American designs.
France
In France In France, in addition to the smoke ovens and Charpentier stove (patented 1838) In France, there are using modern methods of the natural blower and draught kilns as well as an approach developed that was developed by Chapellier which was exploited in Delaroche Aine, Industrial Specialties, and Industrial Specialties, that involves the initial flotation or leaching process than drying under moist conditions, either in the natural draught, or forced circulation.
Drying is accomplished through the process of moving electric currents through wood, also known as “the ” Nordon-Bretteneau ” process, which was just invented.
It was specifically developed as the process of sterilization and preservation. This process is like the method that was patented within Australia through A. V. Alcock from Melbourne in 1909.
In the past, the process of spicing up wood by exposing it to the ozone gas was developed in the laboratory of Professor M. P. Otto (Sorbonne) and is believed to be used at St. Denis.
Austria and Germany
Within Austria and Germany as well as the other Central European countries, most of the wood is dried with care.
A lot of the boards that are taken from a log are put together into sections, the boards are separated by cross-stamps. There has been little attention paid to drying in kilns in these countries.
The methods for artificially seasoning woods aren’t used in Spain. The wood is stored in sheds that are open to shield it from the heat of the sun and dry wind.
Particularly, this is necessary for the interior plateaus of high elevation because the dry air can cause severe checking of timbers that have not had enough time to acclimatize prior to exposure.
Italy
In Italy, Dry kilns are utilized in furniture, cabinet, and airplane manufacturing facilities, however, generally, air drying is cautiously performed in sheds.
Sweden
In Sweden, While the practice of drying timber in kilns was known for many years but it wasn’t widespread until recently. A significant amount of wood is being dried partially in mill kilns. The process of drying to a complete degree is not being followed but the goal is to dry the lumber enough to allow close piling and to prevent degradation when it is exported.
The complete drying process, however, is currently used in factories and planning mills. American design of the kiln is mainly used. In 1923 the process of vacuum drying using closed cylinders employed was invented by Albert Forselles of Sweden.
The original plant was located at Atvidaberge it is believed that additional factories are in the process of being constructed within Helsingfors, Finland, and Tokyo, Japan.
The Forselles procedure is not much different from the previous ” Vulcanizing ” method that was invented by Charles Howard, of New York in 1893. It was extensively propagated across the United States a score of years before.
The importance of sawmill waste as an ingredient in the pulping process in Sweden is thought to work against the use of it as a fuel for the process of kiln drying. The process of drying air is done in a large amount and is controlled.
Norway
In Norway, there are only one or two dry kilns that are operated in conjunction with planning mills as well as box factories. Export-ready rough timber is always dried by air. Air seasoning isn’t as meticulously done as it is in Sweden due to the fact that port facilities are .open all year round, so winter storage isn’t required.
Finland
In Finland, the entire piece of timber is treated prior to shipping however, the kiln and drying is not used much, if at all, other than in factories. But, a handful of the largest mills have dry kilns.
They are designed following American designs but modified to meet local conditions, and then installed by Swedish concerns. Because timber cannot be shipped from Finland for two to five months every year, due to the ice, a significant portion of the annual production has to be kept in the yards.
Thus, kiln drying will be not much use to shipping. A few of the air drying facilities in Finland for size and for careful handling of wood are superior to other ones in Europe.
New Zealand
For New Zealand, kiln drying is used only to a limited extent and, along with American Kilns, the Government has lately (following an appearance by writers in 1922) been active in the establishment of experiments on native wood. Many commercial kilns are in the process of being installed.
South Africa
Then, in South Africa, kiln drying experiments were launched by the government after an American expert from the United States Forest Service, Mr. Nils B. Eckbo was involved in the project in 1919. For West Africa, kiln drying remains unexplored.
India
In India, the first experiment was launched by the Indian government at Dehra Dun in the years from 1922 to 1923, with the help of C. V. Sweet. C. V. Sweet of the American.
Forest Service, who was temporarily assigned by The Indian Government for this purpose.
At the same time, similar work was initiated within Burma under The Indian Government through the agency of Mr. L. V. Teesdale and the American Forest Service. Kiln drying is a process that is being developed in these countries and an ordinance plant in India is currently operating dry kilns. Previously, drying sheds or piling inside heated areas was the preferred method.
Philippines
In the Philippines, the Philippines, kiln drying experiments have been carried out by the Philippine government over a variety of years. However, recently (in the year 192o) the project was made more technical basis following the visit of two experts who were Mr. Eugene Connor and Mr. Leslie Pomeroy, formerly of the United States Forest Service, who set up the water-spray kiln of the author.
Japan
In Japan, the practice of savoring timber through immersion in ponds or tanks of water for a period of years in mixtures of freshwater and seawater, then followed by drying in air was practiced for many generations. Recently, an increasing interest in drying kilns has been pursued by the government which has sent a few college professors and officials into the United States to study this method.
South America
The process is not widely known in South America, kiln drying is not well-known in South America. In Chile, the method was first introduced in the past 15 years but has not received widespread acceptance.
There are currently two mills that are equipped with dry kilns. They operate in conjunction with door and sash box production (65). In the southern and eastern regions of South America, kiln drying is virtually unheard of. It is also the case for Central America and Mexico.
Due to the temperate climate and the building traditions that are largely modeled after the customs of southern Europe Kiln drying hasn’t yet been required. Its primary function in the near future is likely to help bring to the destruction of the native forests, whether for export or for others.
Canada
In Canada, the practice of drying kilns is quite similar to that used in the United States. Some original patents were taken over by Canadians however the majority of kilns currently in use in Canada originated from the United States.
A quick overview of the progress made by mankind in the process of artificially seasoning timber reveals that although significant progress has been made within Europe and Australia with a beginning elsewhere, the largest development in this area is located in America. An in-depth analysis of the state of affairs within America. The United States.
Conclusion
Today the method of kiln drying is still in development across a variety of countries all around the world. They are contemplating switching to the method of kiln drying. This is among the reasons that HeBei Shouwei never stops developing its high-frequency vacuum drying kilns to ensure high-quality results when drying the wood. Should you need to ask any concerns regarding kiln drying machines, get in touch with us.
